ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY STUDIES ON METHANOL ROOT EXTRACT OF ANDROPOGON GAYANUS KUNTH (POACEAE) IN MICE AND RATS
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 5000
ABSTRACT
The plant Andropogon gayanus is employed in herbal medicine for the treatment of various disease conditions. The dried root of the plant is soaked in milk and taken for the treatment of postpartum pain and bronchitis in North-west Nigeria. In this study the methanol root extract of the plant was screened for phytochemical constituents followed by acute toxicity studies in mice and rats. Analgesic activity was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice, hot plate test in mice and formalin-induced pain test in rats whereas anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using Carrageenan-induced paw oedema model in rats. Acetic acid induced writhing test in mice is employed in the screening of the involvement of opioid receptors, ATP dependent potassium ion (K+ ATP) channels and α2-adrenergic receptors in the mechanism of analgesia. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins amongst others. Toxicity studies in both rats and mice revealed oral LD50 value of > 5000 mg/kg and intraperitoneal LD50 value of 1265 mg/kg. The extract at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg (p.o) produced a significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of writhing induced by acetic acid. In the hot plate test the extract at all doses increased the reaction time at different intervals; the difference when compared to the negative control group and to the value at time zero was statistically significant (p< 0.05). In formalininduced pain test, the extract exhibited significant (p< 0.05) analgesic and antiinflammatory activities in first and second phases of the formalin test respectively. The extract significantly (p< 0.05) reduced oedema induced by carrageenan in rats. Naloxone, a non specific opioid antagonist significantly (p< 0.05 and p< 0.01) blocked the analgesic effect observed with administration of acetic acid in the methanol extract and morphine treated mice respectively. However, glibenclamide (K+ ATP channel vii blocker) did not inhibit the analgesic effect of the extract, neither did the α2 receptor blocker, yohimbine. This study suggests that the root of Andropogon gayanus contains bioactive constituents that possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, the former supposedly being mediated through the action of opioid receptors.
Related Project Materials
The impact of oil extraction activities on environmental health in Katsina State
Background of the Study
Oil extraction activities are known to have significant environmental and healt...
EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT ON THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH IN IJEBU ODE
Background To The Study
Unemployment is a global phenomenon, but it is more prevalent in most de...
HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AND SUSTAINABILITY OF DEMOCRACY IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC: A STUDY OF ENDSARS PROTESTS 2020
ABSTRACT
Nigeria is one of the countries where human right abuses are recorded daily and virtually in all human endeavors and these human...
LOCUS OF CONTROL, JOB STATUS, GENDER AND PERCEIVED JOB INSECURITY AMONG BANK WORKERS
ABSTRACT
This study investigated locus of control, job status and gender as predictors of perceived job insecurity amon...
An Assessment of Online Code Mixing in Nigerian Digital Communication: A Case Study of Instagram Captions
Background of the study
Online code mixing, the blending of elements from two or more languages in communication, is increasingly promine...
An Investigation of Financial Reporting Compliance Among Nigerian Banks in Bauchi State
Background of the Study
Financial reporting compliance is an essential component of corporate governance in banks and financial instituti...
IMPACT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ON BANKING SECTOR
Abstract
The banking industry of the 21st century operates in a complex and competitive environment characterized by eve...
ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF E-LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES IN BUSINESS EDUCATION PROGRAM IN TERTIARY INSTITUTION
Abstract
Although the Government is committed to implementing ICT in education, the process seems to be hindered by a n...
The Effect of Corporate Governance on Financial Performance in Nigerian Banks: A Case Study of Access Bank
Background of the Study
Corporate governance has emerged as a vital component in ensuring the stability, efficiency, and...
An investigation into the role of vocational education in curbing street hawking among students in Keffi Local Government Area, Nasarawa State.
Background of the Study
Street hawking among students has emerged as a significant socio-economic issue in many parts of N...
